fnmatch —
match filename or pathname using shell globbing rules
SYNOPSIS
#include <fnmatch.h> intfnmatch(const char *pattern, const char *string, int flags);
DESCRIPTION
The
fnmatch();
function matches patterns according to the globbing rules used by the shell.
It checks the string specified by the
string
argument to see if it matches the pattern specified by the
pattern
argument.
The
flags
argument modifies the interpretation of
pattern
and
string.
The value of
flags
is the bitwise inclusive
OR
of any of the following
constants, which are defined in the include file
‹fnmatch.h›.
FNM_NOESCAPE
Normally, every occurrence of a backslash
(‘\e’)
followed by a character in
pattern
is replaced by that character.
This is done to negate any special meaning for the character.
If the
FNM_NOESCAPE
flag is set, a backslash character is treated as an ordinary character.
FNM_PATHNAME
Slash characters in
string
must be explicitly matched by slashes in
pattern.
If this flag is not set, then slashes are treated as regular characters.
FNM_PERIOD
Leading periods in
string
must be explicitly matched by periods in
pattern.
If this flag is not set, then leading periods are treated as regular
characters.
The definition of
“leading”
is related to the specification of
FNM_PATHNAME.
A period is always leading
if it is the first character in
string.
Additionally, if
FNM_PATHNAME
is set,
a period is leading
if it immediately follows a slash.
FNM_LEADING_DIR
Ignore
‘/*’
rest after successful
pattern
matching.
FNM_CASEFOLD
Ignore case distinctions in both the
pattern
and the
string.
RETURN VALUES
The
fnmatch();
function returns zero if
string
matches the pattern specified by
pattern,
otherwise, it returns the value
FNM_NOMATCH.
The
fnmatch();
function conforms to
and
Note, however, that the flags
FNM_LEADING_DIR
and
FNM_CASEFOLD
are extensions and should not be used by applications striving for
strict standards conformance.
HISTORY
The
fnmatch();
function first appeared in
4.4BSD.
BUGS
The pattern
"*"
matches the empty string, even if
FNM_PATHNAME
is specified.